- Manage dandruff with shampoos
- Experiment with various treatments
- Consult a doctor if persistent
The flaking and pruritus associated with dandruff are nearly always manageable. Before treating moderate dandruff, cleanse the affected area frequently with a mild shampoo to remove excess oil and dead skin cells. Attempt to eliminate dandruff with a medicated detergent if that fails. Some individuals may tolerate a medicated shampoo two to three times per week, supplemented with routine shampooing on other days as necessary. Individuals with drier hair would benefit from using a moisturizing conditioner for the hair or scalp and shampooing less frequently.
Hair and Scalp Products for Dandruff
Medicated and non-medicinal hair and scalp products are offered in the form of solutions, foams, gels, mists, ointments, and oils. It may be necessary to experiment with multiple products before establishing a workable regimen. Ongoing or repeated treatment will likely be required.
Discontinue the use of any product that causes itching or burning. Seek medical care promptly if an allergic reaction occurs, manifesting as a rash, hives, or respiratory distress.
Different Types of Medicated Shampoos
Shampoos for treating dandruff are categorized by the medication they contain. Prescription access is granted for certain formulations in stronger forms.
Shampoos containing pyridoxal zinc (DermaZinc, Head & Shoulders, and others). These contain zinc pyrithione, an antibacterial and antifungal agent.
Shampoos containing tar (e.g., Scalp 18 Coal Tar Shampoo, Neutrogena T/Gel). Coal tar slows the rate at which scalp epidermis cells degrade and flake off.
Salicylic acid-containing shampoos, including Baker P&S and Jason Dandruff Relief Treatment Shampoo. These aid in the eradication of scale.
Shampoos containing selenium sulfide (Head & Shoulders Intensive, Selsun Blue, and others). These are composed of an antifungal agent. Follow instructions carefully as these products may discolor hair and scalp.
Shampoos containing ketoconazole (Nizoral Anti-Dandruff). This cleanser aims to eliminate fungi causing dandruff on the scalp.
Soaps containing fluocinolone (Capex, Derma-Smoothe/FS, and others). These contain a corticosteroid to manage pruritus, scaling, and irritation.
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If a specific shampoo appears to lose its efficacy, try alternating between two different varieties of dandruff shampoos.
Once you effectively manage dandruff, reduce the frequency of medicated shampoo usage for preventative and maintenance purposes.
Follow the instructions on each cleanser bottle. Some products require brief application, while others need immediate rinsing.
If it persists after using medicated shampoo regularly for several weeks, consult a physician or dermatologist. Prescription-strength cleanser or steroid lotion may be necessary.
At-home and lifestyle remedies
Take these measures to reduce the risk of developing or managing dandruff:
Develop tension management skills to mitigate stress, which can impact overall health and worsen dandruff symptoms.
Adopt an organic diet rich in zinc, B vitamins, and specific lipids to potentially aid in its prevention.
Establish a personal hair and scalp care regimen. Cleansing daily may help prevent dandruff for those with an oily scalp. Massage gently to loosen flakes and rinse thoroughly. Shampoo less frequently and condition the scalp between washes for brittle hair and a sensitive scalp.
Get some sun exposure, which might help regulate psoriasis. Avoid sunbathing to prevent damage and an increased risk of skin cancer; spend brief periods outdoors and apply sunscreen.
Use hairstyling products sparingly to avoid an oilier appearance.
Alternative healthcare
While several shampoos contain tea tree oil, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support its efficacy as a dandruff treatment.
For centuries, people have used tea tree oil, derived from the Melaleuca alternifolia or Australian tea tree, for its antiseptic, antibiotic, and antifungal properties. Some individuals may develop allergic reactions to the oil.
Preparing for the appointment
A consultation to diagnose dandruff doesn’t require any special preparations. Your physician can likely diagnose dandruff solely by examining your scalp and skin. Bring bottles of any new hair care products to the appointment, or be ready to discuss them with your doctor, aiding in determining the source of your dandruff.
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